6713D08 HP BLEED VALVE-航修札记

一、名称

HP BLEED VALVE

高压引气活门（HPV）

二、件号

6713D080000,6713D080000 AMDT A

三、章节号

36-11-45

四、适用机型

A319/A320

五、系统

36-PNEUMATIC

气动系统

六、安装位置

发动机短舱

七、部件原理

1. Description

A. General Description

The HP Bleed Valve is a high pressure regulating valve that is pneumatically controlled. This valve supplies bleed air to the system at idle speed.The HP Bleed Valve is also pneumatically connected to the bleed pressure regulating valve.

1. 描述

A. 总体描述

高压引气活门是一个气动控制的高压调节活门。该活门在发动机慢车转速（怠速）下向系统提供引气。高压引气活门还与引气压力调节活门气动连接。

2. Operation

操作

A. Operating Principle(Refer to Figure 3)

The upstream pressure of the valve is tapped through the pressure inlet (1) and the overpressure valve (10).A clapper (2) and its seat decrease this pressure: it is then supplied to the chamber (A) of the regulator sub-assembly through the calibrated hole (3).This pressure operates the bellows which control the position of the clapper (2).The unit can control pressure. When it does, the position of the clapper (2) gradually increases low pressure in the opening chamber (C) of the pneumatic actuator.The valve downstream pressure is tapped through the filter (5). The pressure is transmitted to the closing chamber (D) of the pneumatic actuator between the clapper (6) of the distribution system and its seat. The downstream pressure keeps the clapper (6) in the opening position.The reference pressure supplied, or not, to the opening chamber of the pneumatic actuator is constant. Thus, any variation in the downstream pressure changes the position of the butterfly to keep the downstream pressure constant.The closing clapper (7) transmits the reference pressure either to the opening chamber or to the closing chamber of the pneumatic actuator.The ball valve (9) prevents the admission of IP pressure into the bellows of the Regulator subassembly when there is:

–IP air bleeding,

–HP overpressure.

A. 工作原理（参见图3）

活门的上游压力通过压力进口（1）和超压阀（10）引入。阀芯（2）及其阀座降低该压力：随后压力通过校准孔（3）供给至调节器子组件的腔室（A）。该压力作用于波纹管（膜片），波纹管（膜片）控制阀芯（2）的位置。该组件能够控制压力。当进行压力控制时，阀芯（2）的位置逐渐增大气动作动器打开腔（C）中的低压。活门下游压力通过气滤（5）引入。压力被传递至分配系统的阀芯（6）与其阀座之间的气动作动器关闭腔（D）。下游压力使阀芯（6）保持在打开位置。供给或不供给至气动作动器打开腔的参考压力是恒定的。因此，下游压力的任何变化都会改变蝶板的位置，以保持下游压力恒定。关闭阀芯（7）将参考压力传递至气动作动器的打开腔或关闭腔。

当出现以下情况时，球阀（9）防止IP压力进入调节器子组件的波纹管（膜片）：

– IP引气泄漏，

– HP过压。

B. Operating Configurations

(1) HP Bleed Valve Opening (Refer to Figure 4).

At idle engine speed, the HP Bleed Valve opens with a 0.55 bar rel. (7 .97 psig) minimum pressure. The regulated pressure let into the opening chamber of the pneumatic actuator opens the valve.

(2) HP Bleed Valve Pressure Control (Refer to Figure 5).

If the engine speed increases, the HP Bleed Valve pressure is more than 2.48 bar rel. (35 .96 psig). The valve thus controls its downstream pressure to the constant value of 2.48 bar rel.(35 .96 psig).The downstream pressure causes the distribution valve of the regulator to open: it also causes the admission of the downstream pressure into the chamber (D) of the pneumatic actuator. A constant reference pressure is into the opening chamber of the pneumatic actuator.If the downstream pressure changes, this causes a change in the position of butterfly to keep the downstream pressure constant.The change in the differential pressure causes a change in the position of the butterfly. The position changes until there is again the correct value of the downstream regulated pressure.

(3) HP Bleed Valve Closing (Transfer Configuration) (Refer to Figure 6).

From a sufficiently high engine speed, the IP bleed pressure causes the opening of the IP non-return valve. The IP bleed pressure also pneumatically supplies the bleed pressure regulating valve. The IP pressure goes back to the downstream side of the HP Bleed Valve and is transmitted to the closing chamber of the pneumatic actuator. This causes the valve to close.

(4) HP Bleed Valve Closing (Overpressure Safety Configuration) (Refer to Figure 7).

The HP Bleed Valve pressure is let into the pressure inlet. If this pressure is more than 6.89 barrel. (99 .93 psig):

– the pressure causes the overpressure valve to open,

– this seals the regulator sub-assembly air inlet,

– this makes the chamber (E) of the regulator closing system empty,

– this lifts the clapper (7) to touch its seat.

The downstream pressure goes into the closing chamber (D) and bleeds the opening chamber(C).

(5) Pneumatic Connection of the HP Bleed Valve with the Bleed Pressure Regulating Valve

The pneumatic link connects the pneumatic regulator of the bleed pressure regulating valve to the chamber (E) of the HP Bleed Valve regulator. If the bleed pressure regulating valve closes, the pneumatic link causes the HP regulating valve to close fully.

B. 工作构型

(1) 高压引气活门打开（参见图4）

在发动机慢车转速（怠速）下，高压引气活门在最低0.55 bar rel.（7.97 psig）的压力下打开。进入气动作动器打开腔的调节压力使活门打开。

(2) 高压引气活门压力控制（参见图5）

如果发动机转速增加，高压引气活门压力超过2.48 bar rel.（35.96 psig）。活门随后将其下游压力调节至恒定的2.48 bar rel.（35.96 psig）。下游压力使调节器的分配活门打开：同时也使下游压力进入气动作动器的腔室（D）。气动作动器的打开腔中存在恒定的参考压力。如果下游压力发生变化，会导致蝶板位置改变，以保持下游压力恒定。压差的变化会引起蝶板位置的改变。位置不断变化，直至下游调节压力恢复到正确值。

(3) 高压引气活门关闭（转换构型）（参见图6）

当发动机转速足够高时，IP引气压力使IP单向活门打开。IP引气压力同时气动供给引气压力调节活门。IP压力回流至高压引气活门的下游侧，并传递至气动作动器的关闭腔。这导致活门关闭。

(4) 高压引气活门关闭（过压安全构型）（参见图7）

高压引气活门压力进入压力进口。如果该压力超过6.89 bar rel.（99.93 psig）：

– 压力使超压阀打开，

– 这会封闭调节器子组件的空气进口，

– 这会使调节器关闭系统的腔室（E）排空，

– 这会使阀芯（7）抬起并接触其阀座。

下游压力进入关闭腔（D），并排出打开腔（C）。

(5) 高压引气活门与引气压力调节活门的气动连接

该气动连接将引气压力调节活门的气动调节器与高压引气活门调节器的腔室（E）相连。如果引气压力调节活门关闭，气动连接会使高压调节活门完全关闭。

八、工作参数

九、在系统中工作原理

HPV装在引气系统的高压级，在怠速时，从高压级引气，HPV打开，当压力到达预设值时，HPV关闭，从中压级引气。

Air is generally bled from an Intermediate Pressure (IP) stage of the engine High Pressure (HP) compressor to minimize engine pressure losses. This is the normal engine air-bleed configuration.

– The IP stage is the 7th HP compressor stage. At low engine speeds, when the pressure from the IP stage is insufficient, air is automatically bled from a higher compressor stage (HP stage). This happens especially at some aircraft holding points and during descent, with engines at idle.

– The HP stage is the 10th HP compressor stage. Transfer of air bleed is achieved by means of a pneumatically operated-butterfly valve, designated HP bleed valve (4000HA).

为降低发动机压力损失，通常会从发动机高压（HP）压缩机的中间压力（IP）级引气，这就是发动机的常规引气构型。

-IP级是高压压气机的第七级。当发动机转速较低时（怠速），若IP级压力不足，系统会自动从更高一级的高压级引气。这种情况尤其在飞机停留点和下降过程中发动机怠速运转时发生。

-HP级是HP压缩机的第十级。通过气动作动活门（高压引气活门HPV，4000HA）实现引气。

When the HP bleed valve is closed, air is directly bled from the IP stage through an IP bleed check valve (7110HM), fitted with two flappers.

当HPV关闭时，空气会直接从IP级通过IP单向活门（7110HM）引气，该单向活门配有两片活门板。

When the HP bleed valve is open, the HP stage pressure is admitted into the pneumatic ducting and closes the IP bleed check valve. Air is then bled from the HP stage only. The HP bleed valve operates pneumatically and is connected by a sense line to a bleed pressure regulator valve (4001HA) and to a solenoid (4029KS) .

当HPV开启时，高压级压力被导入气动管道并中压级单向活门，此时仅从高压级引气。该HPV采用气动控制，通过感应管路连接至压力调节活门（4001HA）和电磁阀（4029KS）。

During cruise in normal bleed condition, the solenoid (4029KS) (installed in the fan compartment) is energized. This causes the solenoid opens to ambient the HPV PRV coupling sense line which lets the HPV close pneumatically. It avoid a permanent HP bleed due to low IP engine pressures.

在正常引气工况下巡航时，安装在风扇舱内的电磁阀（4029KS）通电。这使得电磁阀打开，使HPV PRV耦合感应管路与环境相通，从而允许HPV气动关闭。这样可避免因IP发动机压力过低而造成持续高压引气。

The HP Bleed Valve is a 4 in. dia. butterfly-type valve which operates as a shut-off and pressure regulating valve. The HP bleed valve is normally spring-loaded closed in the absence of upstream pressure. A minimum pressure of 8 psig is necessary to open the valve.

HPV是一种4英寸直径的蝶板类型的活门，兼具关断和压力调节功能。该活门在无上游压力时在弹簧载荷下通常处于关闭状态，需达到8 psi的最低压力才能开启。

The HP bleed valve pneumatically limits the downstream static pressure to 36 plus or minus 3 psig. It closes fully pneumatically when the upstream static pressure reaches 120 psig plus 5 psig or minus 10 psig. A pneumatic sense line connects the HP bleed valve with the bleed pressure regulator valve (PRV) in order to make sure that the HP bleed valve will close when bleed pressure regulator valve is controlled closed.

HPV通过气动方式将下游静压限制在36±3 psig。当上游静压达到120（+5，-10） psig时，该活门会自动完全关闭。为确保压力调节活门（PRV）关闭时HPV同步关闭，系统配置了气动感应管路，将HPV与PRV相连。

A solenoid is installed in the fan compartment. It is connected by a sense line to the HPV-PRV coupling sense line. When the engine is used with the old engine bleed air design, the Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption (TSFC) increases. This is because of low IP engine pressures give permanent HP bleed. To avoid this, during cruise with normal bleed condition,

– Wing Anti-Icing (WAI) not selected ON

– Normal bleed configuration (2 bleeds, 2 packs)

– Ps3 more than or equal to 110 psig

– Altitude over 15000ft

the solenoid is energized by the Engine Electronic Controller (EEC). It opens to ambient the HPV-PRV coupling sense line which lets HPV controlled close pneumatically.

风扇舱内安装有电磁阀，通过感应线与HPV-PRV耦合感应管路相连。当发动机采用旧式引气设计时，推力比燃油消耗率（TSFC）会升高。这是因为低进气压力会导致高压持续引气。为避免这种情况，在正常引气模式巡航时，需满足以下条件：

-机翼防冰系统（WAI）未开启、

-常规引气配置（2个引气口+2个packs）、

-Ps3压力表读数≥110 psi、

-飞行高度超过15000英尺。

此时发动机电子控制器（EEC）将向电磁阀供电，使其打开HPV-PRV耦合感应管路，从而实现HPV气动控制关闭。

(3) Detailed Description (Ref. Fig. 010)

The HP bleed valve contains three main parts :

– a valve body,

– a pneumatic actuator,

– a regulator assembly.

详细描述（参见图010）：

HPV包含三个主要组件：

-活门壳体，

-气动作动器，

-调节器组件。

(a) Regulation

The HP bleed valve upstream pressure supplies chamber (1) of the regulator through a jet to control the position of the clapper (2) and maintain constant air pressure in the HP bleed valve actuator opening chamber. The test intake is used for checking correct valve operation on the ground by directly supplying the regulator. The HP bleed valve downstream presure supplies the HP bleed valve actuator closing chamber through distribution clapper (3). Indeed when downstream pressure reaches the value determined by spring preloading.

调节系统：

HPV上游压力通过限流孔进入调节器的腔室(1)，用于控制阀芯(2)的位置，从而维持HPV作动器开启腔室内的恒定气压。测试进气口通过直接向调节器供气的方式，用于在地面检查活门的正常运行状态。HPV下游压力则通过分配阀芯(3)作用于作动器关闭腔室，当下游压力达到弹簧预加载设定值时，该阀芯将自动关闭。

(b) Opening/closing

Reduced pressure air supplies chamber (4) of the opening/closing sub assembly though a jet to control the position of clapper (5) against its lower seat position and allow the HP bleed valve actuator opening chamber supply with reduced pressure air. When chamber (4) is vented to ambient the clapper (5) leaves its lower seat position and reduced pressure air is allowed to supply the HP bleed valve actuator closing chamber (by unseating the springloaded ball).

打开/关闭

通过限流孔向打开/关闭子组件的腔室(4)输送调节降低后的气压，控制阀芯(5)顶住在其下阀座的位置，同时为HPV作动器的开启腔室提供调节降低后的气压。当腔室(4)与外界相通时，阀芯(5)脱离下阀座位置，调节后气压随即进入HPV作动器的关闭腔室（通过释放弹簧加载的球体实现）。

When upstream pressure reaches a specified value, clapper (6) vents to ambient chamber (4) of the opening/closing subassembly and plugs upstream pressure regulator inlet. This causes the HP bleed valve to close.

超压安全装置

当上游压力达到设定值时，阀芯(6)会向打开/关闭组件的环境腔室(4)泄压（放气），并关闭上游压力调节器的入口，从而导致HPV关闭。

(d) A safety valve attached to the cover protects the pneumatic actuator against overpressure in case of HP bleed valve failed open.

当HPV失效在开位时，安装在盖板上的安全阀可防止气动作动器因超压而受损。