AFM 手册的批准和使用
Approval and Utilization of AFM
飞机飞行手册（Aircraft Flight Manual，AFM）是经过官方批准格式标准规范的指导手册。该文件既可作为培训辅助，也可以作为处理正常和非正常情况的飞行工具，但它不是供机组在空中直接使用的操作文件。
AFM (Aircraft Flight Manual) is a guide manual of officially approved format standards. This document can be used as a training aid or as a flight tool to deal with normal and abnormal conditions, but it is not an operation document for the crew to use directly in the air.
飞机飞行手册是针对某一指定的经认证的飞机型号，该型号在手册首页批准页和批准参考文件单元中有体现。美国注册的飞机是由美国的联邦航空局（FAA）批准，欧盟注册的飞机由欧洲航空安全局（EASA）批准，中国注册的飞机是由中国民用航空局（CAAC）批准。
The aircraft flight manual is for a specified certified aircraft type, which is reflected in the approval page and approval reference document unit on the first page of the manual. The aircraft registered in the United States is approved by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) of the United States, the aircraft registered in the European Union is approved by the European Aviation Safety Administration (EASA), and the aircraft registered in China is approved by the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC).
AFM 的结构与内容
Structure and Content of AFM
AFM 文件主要是有关飞机的限制、操作程序和性能等，主要包括以下几部分：
AFM documents are mainly related to aircraft limitations, operating procedures and performance, and mainly include the following parts:
（1）卷首页
Volume front page
主要包括目录、有效章节/子章节清单、有效文档单元清单、有效临时修订清单、改装清单等。
It mainly includes contents, list of effective chapters/sub-chapters, list of effective document units, list of effective temporary revisions, list of modifications, etc.
（2）批准数据
Approval data
包括局方批准的飞机飞行手册的所有文档单元，包括批准参考和临时修订。
It includes all document units of flight manual approved by the Authority, including approved reference and temporary revision.
（3）概述
Overview
包括手册的描述（AFM 格式、AFM 手册结构、文档单元、识别带、AFM修订、临时修订等）、措辞的定义、缩略语、单位、视图等。
Including the description of the manual (AFM format, AFM manual structure, document unit, identification tape, AFM revision, temporary revision, etc.), the definition of wording, abbreviations, units, views, etc.
（4）限制
Restrictions
飞机必须遵守 AFM 手册给出的限制运行。AFM 手册提供了飞机的高度限制、重量限制、性能构型、飞机操作类型、机动载荷限制、飞行机组、操作限制、重心限制、发动机限制、燃油系统限制、防冰系统限制、最大使用限制速度、最大空速、增压限制、APU 限制、近地警告系统、空中交通警戒与防撞系统以及座舱高度警告、飞行操纵等限制，以及主要飞机系统的相关限制。
The aircraft must comply with the restrictions given in the AFM manual. The AFM manual provides the aircraft’s altitude limit, weight limit, performance configuration, aircraft operation type, maneuvering load limit, flight crew, operation limit, center of gravity limit, engine limit, fuel system limit, anti-ice system limit, maximum use limit speed, maximum airspeed, pressurization limit, APU limit, ground proximity warning system, air traffic warning and anti-collision system, cabin altitude warning, flight control and other restrictions, And related limitations of major aircraft systems.
（5）应急程序
Emergency procedures
主要是当飞机系统失效时，由适航当局批准的可接受的程序，用于飞机操作。此批准不妨碍营运人制定相当的程序。系统的失效有具体系统警告和/或直接观察显示。
It is mainly an acceptable procedure approved by the airworthiness authority for aircraft operation when the aircraft system fails. This approval does not prevent the operator from formulating corresponding procedures. The system failure has specific system warning and/or direct observation display.
